Asia Pacific Initiative > Marine Ecosystem:Fish Identification: Individual Species >Fish Groupings

Fish Groupings

(Source: PADI, Adventures in Diving Manual)
1 Butterflyfish, angelfish,surgeonfish チョウチョウウオ、キンチャクダイ、ニザダイ
2 Jacks, barracuda, porgy, chubs アジ、オニカマス、タイ、イスズミ
3 Snappers, grunts フエダイ、イサキ
4 Damselfish, hamlets スズメダイ、クマノミ
5 Groupers, seabass, basslets ハタ、スズキ、ハナダイ
6 Parrotfish, wrasse ブダイ、ベラ
7 Squirrelfish, bigeyes, cardinalfish キンメダイ、キントキダイ、テンジクダイ
8 Blennies, gobies, jawfish ギンポ、ハゼ、アゴアマダイ
9 Flounders, scorpionfish, lizardfish, frogfish ダルマカレイ、カサゴ、エソ、イザリウオ
10 Filefish, triggerfish, puffers, trunkfish, cowfish, goatfish, trumpetfish カワハギ、モンガラカワハギ、フグ、ハコフグ、ウミスズメ、ヒメジ、ヤガラ
11 Eels ウツボ
12 Sharks, rays サメ、エイ
  • “When surveying fish in temperate or tropical waters, you can easily group most fish into one of 12 groups, each of which represents several families.” (PADI, Adventures in Diving Manual, p.26))
  • “Scientific name is composed of two parts. The first part is the genus or generic name and the second is the species or specific name.
  • Related genera (plural of genus) （属）are grouped together in a family　（科）, whose spelling always ends in ?dae. Worldwide there are about 450 families.
  • A group of similar families is placed in one of the 35 orders of fishes whose spelling always ends in ?iformes (目）.
  • The highest rungs on the ladder of classification pertain to class and phylum.” (Alllen, p.18)

The Big Ten

“Collectively the ten most abundant families constitute as much as 60-70 percent of all fishes at a particular locality. … It is easy to recognize them on the basis of shape, general color pattern themes, and behavior.” (Source: Allen & Steene)

  • Damselfishes (Pomacentridae) (スズメダイ）
  • Wrasse (Labridae)　（ベラ）
  • Butterflyfishes (Chaetodontidae)　（チョウチョウウオ）
  • Angelfishes (Pomacanthidae)　（キンチャクダイ）
  • Cardinalfishes (Apogonidae)　（テンジクダイ）
  • Groupers and Basslets (Serranidae)　（ハタ、ハナダイ）
  • Parrotfihes (Scaridae)　（ブダイ）
  • Surgeonfihes (Acanthuridae)　（ニザダイ）
  • Blennies (Blenniidae)　（ギンポ）
  • Gobies (Goboiidae)　（ハゼ）